DÉTERMINATION DE LA DOSE OPTIMALE DE FUMURE POTASSIQUE SOUS CULTURE DE PALMIER À HUILE (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS JACQ.) DANS LES CONDITIONS DU SUD-EST DE LA CÔTE D’IVOIRE : CAS DU MATÉRIEL VÉGÉTAL EN COURS DE VULGARISATION

Abstract

In South East of Côte d’Ivoire, the ferrallitic soils are characterized by the lack in exchangeable bases especially in potassium which is the main mineral element for palm tree farming. The production of the new material to be popularized remains weak in rural area. This study was done to contribute to increase of palm tree production by evaluating the effect of the different doses of potassium fertilizer on the growing parameters, on the yield and on the profitability of this speculation. The experiment was carried out at the agronomic research national center (CNRA), station of La Mé (Côte d’Ivoire), following to a Fisher randomized block containing five treatments and four replications. The treatments included five doses of potassium fertilizer (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) corresponding respectively to 1 ; 1,5 ; 2 ; 2,5 ; 3 kg of KCl/year/tree. The results showed that all the agronomic parameters grow up with the increase of the fertilizer doses, except the green leaves of the crown. On the other hand, the economic profit of the mineral fertilizer reduces when we increase the doses over the treatment 3 (2 kg of KCl/tree/year, that is to say 286 kg of KCl/ha/year), of which the ratio value cost (RVC) is the highest, who is choose like the optimum. The application of this optimum dose can have a part in strengthening the palm tree farming in Côte d’Ivoire where a tough competitiveness exists.