Etude De La Contribution Des Forages Dans L’amélioration De L’accès À L’eau Potable Dans Le Quartier De N’Tabacoro Cité Extension À Bamako - Diawara, Hamidou; Ahimir, Sarata; Berthé, Tadjouko; Guindo, Allaye (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2021)
Nâ€™Tabacoro citÃ© extension est une zone rÃ©sidentielle Ã la pÃ©riphÃ©rie du District de Bamako oÃ¹ il nâ€™y a pas de rÃ©seau dâ€™AEP. La plupart des mÃ©nages, pour sâ€™approvisionner en eau, font recours aux forages dâ€™eau privÃ©s, souvent dans des conditions physiques et Ã©conomiques trÃ¨s difficiles. Pour comprendre les conditions dâ€™accÃ¨s Ã lâ€™eau de la population, cette Ã©tude sâ€™est proposÃ©e dâ€™analyser lâ€™apport des forages dans lâ€™amÃ©lioration de lâ€™accÃ¨s Ã lâ€™eau potable dans le quartier de Nâ€™Tabacoro citÃ© extension. La mÃ©thodologie sâ€™est basÃ©e sur lâ€™approche terrain qui nous a permis de collecter des donnÃ©es auprÃ¨s dâ€™un Ã©chantillon de 15 gÃ©rants et/ou propriÃ©taires de forages et de 30 mÃ©nages (clients). Des informations gÃ©ographiques : images satellitaires raster, ficher de forme vectoriel et coordonnÃ©es des forages, ont aussi Ã©tÃ© collectÃ©es. Lâ€™analyse de ces donnÃ©es nous a permis dâ€™Ã©valuer des indicateurs socio-Ã©conomiques et gÃ©ographiques dâ€™accessibilitÃ© Ã lâ€™eau potable dans la zone dâ€™Ã©tude. Lâ€™Ã©tude a rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© que les forages constituent la seule source pÃ©renne dâ€™approvisionnement en eau dans la zone, et la plus apprÃ©ciÃ©e par la population comme eau de boisson, de cuisine et de vaisselle du fait de sa qualitÃ© meilleure.Lâ€™achat dâ€™eau de forage reprÃ©sente 84,3% des dÃ©penses globales des mÃ©nages dans lâ€™eau. Ces derniers, avec une dÃ©pense moyenne journaliÃ¨re dans lâ€™eau de 273 FCFA/mÃ©nage au profit des propriÃ©taires de forage, payent 7 Ã 13 fois plus cher que le tarif social de la SOMAGEP appliquÃ© pour les clients raccordÃ©s au rÃ©seau dâ€™AEP. RÃ©guliÃ¨rement, 55% des mÃ©nages parcourent entre 200 m et 600 m, Ã pieds pour certains, pour accÃ©der aux forages Ã cause de leur faible densitÃ©. Aussi, 33,3% des mÃ©nages nâ€™appliquent pas les bonnes pratiques de stockage de lâ€™eau de consommation dans les foyers. Dâ€˜Ã©normes efforts des pouvoirs publics sont necessaires pour arriver Ã un accÃ¨s Ã©qutable Ã lâ€™eau dans ce quartier. Nâ€™Tabacoro CitÃ© Extension is a residential area on the outskirts of Bamako District where there is no DWS system. Most households rely on private boreholes for their water supply, which is often under very difficult physical and economic conditions. To understand the condition of access to water for the population, this paper focuses on analyzing the contribution of boreholes in improving access to drinking water in the district of N’Tabacoro CitÃ© Extension. The methodology was based on the field approach which was used to collect data from a sample of 15 managers and / or owners of boreholes and 30 households (clients). Geographical information such as raster satellite images, vector form files, and borehole coordinates were also collected. The analysis of these data made it possible to assess socio-economic and geographic indicators of accessibility to drinking water in the study area. The study revealed that boreholes are the only sustainable source of water supply in the area. It is the most appreciated by the population because it is used fordrinking, cooking, and dishwashing due to its better quality. The purchase of borehole water represents 84.3% of overall household spending on water. The latter, with an average daily expenditure in water of CFAF 273 / household for the benefit of borehole owners, pay 7 to 13 times more than the SOMAGEP social tariff applied for customers connected to the DWS network. Regularly, 55% of households travel between 200m and 600m, some on foot, to access the boreholes because of their low density. Also, 33.3% of households do not apply good drinking water storage practices in households. Huge government efforts are needed to achieve equitable access to water in this area.