Impacts de la Contamination Agricole sur la Qualité Physicochimique des Eaux de Surface de l’Ouémé Supérieur au Bénin - Fassinou, Nonvignon Martial; Gouissi, Fadéby Modeste; Goura, Souradjou Orou; Yessoufou, Wakili Bolatito; Biaou, Tayéwo Sylvain; Kakpo, Kpessou Hopson; Akodogbo, Hervé Hotèkpo; Toffa, Dagbédji Damien (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2023)
Le prÃ©sent travail vise Ã apprÃ©cier la qualitÃ© physico-chimique des eaux de lâ€™OuÃ©mÃ© supÃ©rieur au BÃ©nin. Lâ€™Ã©tude concerne quatre (04) communes. Les donnÃ©es ont Ã©tÃ© collectÃ©es en Octobre 2021 et en Mars 2022. Les paramÃ¨tres physiques in-situ et les paramÃ¨tres chimiques au laboratoire ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©tudiÃ©s. La description par les box plots (BoÃ®tes Ã moustaches), le test de Shapiro-Wilk et celui de Kruskall Wallis au seuil Î± = 5% ont Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ©s. Les paramÃ¨tres tels la salinitÃ©, T0 C, NO-ÂÂ2, NO-3, NH+4, PO3-4, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ et le Cl- sont significativement diffÃ©rents des autres paramÃ¨tres et ne respectent pas les normes des eaux de surface. Les rÃ©sultats de la Classification HiÃ©rarchique Ascendante (CAH) ont permis dâ€™identifier trois groupes. Le groupe 1, constituÃ© de : pH, OD, SalinitÃ©, NO-ÂÂ2, NO-3, NH+4, PO3-4, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ et le Cl- ; proviennent principalement des activitÃ©s agricoles et des eaux usÃ©es. Le groupe 2, constituÃ© de : TÂ°C, STD et la DCO ; proviennent des diffÃ©rents Ã©lÃ©ments chimiques solubles dans lâ€™eau. Le groupe 3, constituÃ© de : CE, provient de la minÃ©ralisation globale de lâ€™eau. L’eau est alors contaminÃ©e Ã travers les constituants physico-chimiques Ã©valuÃ©s. This work aims to assess the physico-chemical quality of the waters of the upper OuÃ©mÃ© in Benin. The study covered four (04) communes. The data was collected in October 2021 and March 2022. The in-situ physical parameters and the chemical parameters in the laboratory were studied. The description by the box plots, the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Kruskall Wallis test at the threshold Î± = 5% were used. The parameters such as salinity, T0 C, NO-ÂÂ2, NO-3, NH+4, PO3-4, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and the Cl- are significantly different from the other parameters and do not respect the standards of the surface water. The results of the Hierarchical Ascending Classification (HAC) have helped us to identify three groups. The group 1, made up of: pH, DO, Salinity, NO-ÂÂ2, NO-3, NH+4, PO3-4, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and the Cl- ; come mainly from agricultural activities and wastewater. The group 2, made up of: TÂ°C, STD and COD; come from the different chemical elements that are soluble in water. The group 3, made up of: CE, comes from the global mineralization of water. The water is then contaminated through the physico-chemical constituents which have been evaluated.