Ã‰tude des propriÃ©tÃ©s physico-chimiques et microbiologiques d’un biofertilisant Ã©laborÃ© Ã partir de rÃ©sidus de rÃ©colte, d’un consortium bactÃ©rien et de roche phosphatÃ©e - Beralex, Boueunan Wongbe; Jeanne, Bongoua-Devisme Affi; MichaÃ«l, Bahan Lemonou Franck (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2024)
En Afrique subsaharienne, la croissance dÃ©mographique rapide et la dÃ©gradation des sols ont entraÃ®nÃ© une forte utilisation d’engrais chimiques pour soutenir l’agriculture. Cependant, cette dÃ©pendance aggrave la dÃ©gradation des sols et gÃ©nÃ¨re des problÃ¨mes environnementaux. Pour contrer cela, l’utilisation de biofertilisants Ã©merge comme une solution durable pour maintenir la fertilitÃ© des sols tout en rÃ©duisant l’impact environnemental. Ainsi, diffÃ©rentes formulations de bio-phospho-composts ont Ã©tÃ© dÃ©veloppÃ©es, combinant du phosphate naturel du Maroc (RPM), des rÃ©sidus de rÃ©colte de riz et de maÃ¯s, et des bactÃ©ries solubilisatrices de phosphate (BSP). L’objectif Ã©tait d’Ã©valuer leurs propriÃ©tÃ©s pour estimer leur valeur fertilisante. L’analyse des bio-phospho-composts finaux produits (C1, C2, C3) a montrÃ© qu’ils avaient un pH lÃ©gÃ¨rement alcalin, des rapports C/N entre 10,20 et 11,81, et Ã©taient riches en Ã©lÃ©ments fertilisants tels que le phosphore, l’azote, le potassium et le carbone. Cependant, aucune diffÃ©rence significative n’a Ã©tÃ© observÃ©e entre les paramÃ¨tres chimiques des diffÃ©rents composts, suggÃ©rant que la dose de RPM n’a pas eu d’effet discernable. De plus, nos rÃ©sultats ont rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© que les composts ont atteint un Ã©tat de maturitÃ© avec plus de 80% de taux de dÃ©composition en seulement cinq semaines de compostage, indÃ©pendamment de la dose de RPM, probablement en raison de la prÃ©sence d’un consortium bactÃ©rien. In sub-Saharan Africa, rapid population growth and soil degradation have led to heavy use of chemical fertilizers to support agriculture. However, this dependency exacerbates soil degradation and generates environmental problems. To counter this, the use of biofertilizers is emerging as a sustainable solution to maintain soil fertility while reducing environmental impact. Thus, various formulations of bio-phospho-composts have been developed, combining natural phosphate from Morocco (RPM), rice and maize crop residues, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (BSP). The objective was to evaluate their properties to assess their fertilizing value. The analysis of the final bio-phospho-composts produced (C1, C2, C3) showed that they had a slightly alkaline pH, C/N ratios between 10.20 and 11.81, and were rich in fertilizing elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, and carbon. However, no significant difference was observed in the chemical parameters of the different composts, suggesting that the RPM dose had no discernible effect. Furthermore, our results revealed that the composts reached a mature state with over 80% decomposition rate in just five weeks of composting, regardless of the RPM dose, likely due to the presence of a bacterial consortium.