Prise en charge des personnes âgées dépendantes : une analyse du modèle socioculturel baoulé Agba de Côte d’Ivoire - Judicaël, Anoua Adou Serge (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2024)
Les soins offerts aux personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes sont variÃ©s et complexes surtout en milieu rural au vu de la quasi-absence des services adaptÃ©s Ã leurs besoins. Il Ã©tait alors question dâ€™analyser le modÃ¨le socioculturel de la prise en charge des personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes dans le groupe baoulÃ© Agba de CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire. Une recherche descriptive interprÃ©tative a donc Ã©tÃ© menÃ©e en fÃ©vrier 2023 dans la localitÃ© rurale de Kouassi Kouasssikro. Des personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes, des aidants familiaux et un professionnel de la santÃ© Ã©taient concernÃ©s par lâ€™enquÃªte. Ces personnes ressources ont Ã©tÃ© sÃ©lectionnÃ©es sur la base de la mÃ©thode de la boule de neige afin de les rencontrer et procÃ©der Ã lâ€™enquÃªte sur le terrain Ã lâ€™aide des guides dâ€™entretien semi-directif. De la gestion des donnÃ©es au moyen du discours structurÃ©, lâ€™analyse des donnÃ©es avec lâ€™appui de la perspective stratÃ©gique sâ€™est rÃ©fÃ©rÃ©e Ã deux cadres logiques notamment socioculturel et biomÃ©dical de la prise en charge des personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes pour dÃ©celer des points dâ€™impacts critiques et suggÃ©rer des leviers de solutions. Il en est ressorti que les personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes Ã©taient prÃ©sentÃ©es comme des Ãªtres ambigus vu quâ€™ils Ã©taient considÃ©rÃ©s comme des personnes soit malveillantes, soit bienveillantes. Par ailleurs, leur assistance reposait sur un mÃ©canisme social sous-tendu Ã un code de comportement qui consistait Ã apporter un soutien du point de vue financier, matÃ©riel et sanitaire. Cependant, ce code de conduite sâ€™est trouvÃ© Ãªtre liÃ© Ã des risques sanitaires importants notamment lâ€™alcoolisme, lâ€™intoxication alimentaire et les maladies chroniques. Il est en consÃ©quence envisagÃ© lâ€™Ã©laboration dâ€™une stratÃ©gie de communication plus efficace en matiÃ¨re dâ€™Ã©ducation et des campagnes de sensibilisation visant la prise en charge optimale des personnes Ã¢gÃ©es dÃ©pendantes Ã court ou Ã moyen terme Ã Kouassi Kouassikro en CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire. The care offered to dependent elderly people is varied and complex, especially in rural areas where there are virtually no services adapted to their needs. The aim was to analyse the socio-cultural model of care for elderly dependents in the BaoulÃ© Agba group in CÃ´te d’Ivoire. Descriptive and interpretative research was therefore carried out in February 2023 in the rural locality of Kouassi Kouasssikro. Dependent elderly people, family carers and a health professional were involved in the survey. These resource persons were selected using the snowball method in order to meet them and carry out the field survey using semi-structured interview guides. From data management using structured discourse, the analysis of the data with the support of the strategic perspective referred to two logical frameworks, namely socio-cultural and biomedical, for the care of dependent elderly people in order to identify critical points of impact and suggest levers for solutions. It emerged that dependent elderly people were presented as ambiguous beings, as they were seen as either malevolent or benevolent. Moreover, their assistance was based on a social mechanism underpinned by a code of behaviour that consisted of providing financial, material and health support. However, this code of conduct was found to be linked to major health risks, in particular alcoholism, food poisoning and chronic illnesses. It is therefore planned to develop a more effective communication strategy in terms of education and awareness campaigns aimed at providing optimum care for dependent elderly people in the short to medium term in Kouassi Kouassikro in CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire.