Complications Chroniques de la Drépanocytose dans une Population de 893 Patients Adultes Suivis au CHU Campus de Lomé - MDI., Kueviakoe; E., Padaro; H., Magnang; K., Mawussi; KMC., Womey; Y., Layibo; K., Agbétiafa; ADN., Koudokpo; A., Vovor (European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2019)
Objective: To describe chronic complications frequencie ofsickle cell disease in adult SS and SC patients followed at Campus Teaching Hospital of LomÃ©. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive study of the chronic complications ofsickle cell disease in 893 patients, SS and SC at least 18 years of age and followed between 2000 and 2017. Sociodemographic, clinical and progressive data (chronic complications) were collected from records. Statistical processing and data analysis were performed using the software r studio 3.3.2. Results: The sex ratio H / F was 0,81. The mean age of the patients was 31,81 Â± 10.82 years. The age group 18 to 27 was the most represented (43.90%). According to the phenotype, 46.58% were sickle cell SS and 53.42% sickle cell heterozygous SC. At least one complication was present in 42.55% of our patients. This frequency was 31,97% for SS and 51,78% for SC. Ischemic complications were present in 34.15% of all our patients. They accounted for 36.78% of chronic complications among SS and 31.87 in SC: sickle cell retinopathy (17.25%) and aseptic osteonecrosis (14%) were the most common, followed by splenic atrophy (4.59%), cutaneous ulcer ( 3.25%), stroke (1.23%) and renal complications (1.12%). Hemolytic complications were present in 14.89% of patients and were statistically related to the SS phenotype. Among them, cholelithiasis was the most common (10.53%), followed by sickle cell heart disease (1.57%) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (0.22%). Conclusion: Chronic complications of adult sickle cell disease remain frequent in hospitals in Togo.Studies on the predictive factors for the development of these complications are necessary. Objectif : DÃ©crire les frÃ©quences des complications chroniques de la drÃ©panocytose chez le sujet adulte SS et SC suivis au CHU Campus de LomÃ©. Patients et mÃ©thodes : Il sâ€™agit dâ€™une Ã©tude descriptive portant sur les complications chroniques de la drÃ©panocytose chez 893 patients drÃ©panocytaires SS ou SC Ã¢gÃ©s dâ€™au moins 18 ans et suivis entre 2000 et 2017. Les donnÃ©es sociodÃ©mographiques, cliniques et Ã©volutives (complications chroniques) ont Ã©tÃ© collectÃ©es des dossiers. Le traitement statistique et lâ€™analyse des donnÃ©es ont Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©s Ã lâ€™aide du logiciel r studio 3.3.2. RÃ©sultats : La sex-ratio H/F Ã©tait de 0,81. Lâ€™Ã¢ge moyen des patients Ã©tait 31,81Â±10,82 ans. La tranche dâ€™Ã¢ge de 18 Ã 27 ans Ã©tait la plus reprÃ©sentÃ©e (43,90%). Selon le phÃ©notype, 46,58% Ã©taient drÃ©panocytaires SS et 53,42% drÃ©panocytaires hÃ©tÃ©rozygotes SC. Au moins une complication Ã©tait prÃ©sente chez 42,55% de nos patients. Cette frÃ©quence Ã©tait de 31,97% chez les SS et de 51,78% chez les SC. Les complications ischÃ©miques Ã©taient prÃ©sentes chez 34,15% de lâ€™ensemble de nos patients. Elles reprÃ©sentaient 36,78% des complications chroniques chez les SS et 31,87 chez les SC : la rÃ©tinopathie drÃ©panocytaire (17,25%) et lâ€™ostÃ©onÃ©crose aseptique (14%) Ã©taient les plus frÃ©quentes, suivies de lâ€™atrophie splÃ©nique (4,59%), lâ€™ulcÃ¨re cutanÃ© (3,25%), les AVC (1,23%) et les complications rÃ©nales (1,12%). Les complications hÃ©molytiques Ã©taient prÃ©sentes chez 14,89% des patients et Ã©taient statistiquement liÃ©es au phÃ©notype SS. Parmi elles, la lithiase biliaire Ã©tait la plus frÃ©quente (10,53%), suivie de la cardiopathie drÃ©panocytaire (1,57%) et de l’hypertension artÃ©rielle pulmonaire (0,22%). Conclusion : Les complications chroniques du drÃ©panocytaire adulte demeurent frÃ©quentes en milieu hospitalier au Togo. Des Ã©tudes sur les facteurs prÃ©dictifs du dÃ©veloppement de ces complications sâ€™avÃ¨rent nÃ©cessaires.